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The Spider and the Fly |
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I was on the veranda of my house here in Djuma Game Reserve when I noticed a large horse fly buzzing by. The fly circled up to the ceiling when suddenly it plummeted to the floor. At first it was difficult to make out what was happening, there was much buzzing of wings and flailing about and I could just catch a glimpse of something hairy. It seemed as if the fly had caught something. As the buzzing slowed and became more and more feeble, it became clear that in fact the fly was the victim. The predator staring at me was a jumping spider, member of the Salticidae family. The spider had caught the fly in mid-flight! It had sunk its fangs into its victim and was merely waiting for the fly to become paralyzed before sucking it dry. Jumping spiders (Salticidae) are easily distinguished from other spiders by their four big eyes on the face and four smaller eyes on top of the head. Jumping spiders are charming spiders that look up and watch you. Their excellent vision allows them to hunt much as do cats, spotting prey from long distances, creeping up then pouncing using their jumping ability. Although a jumping spider can jump more than fifty times its body length, none of its legs has enlarged muscles. The power for jumping probably comes from a quick contraction of muscles in the front part of the body increasing the blood pressure, which causes the legs to extend rapidly much as in the toy frogs that hop when you squeeze a bulb. Their vision also allows communications by visual means, such as the elaborate courtship dances that males perform. Salticids are perhaps as old and diverse as mammals, though not many humans know their world. Many salticids are colourful, they take on a variety of body forms, and some have disguises, looking like ants and other organisms. The bright colors and elaborate forms of some jumping spider species are involved in courtship. The preceding two paragraphs come from the most comprehensive web site on the diversity of life, namely the Tree of Life. Definitely worth a visit at http://spiders.arizona.edu/salticidae/salticidae.html#TOC1 |
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